Gas burner



Jun@ 26, 1923. n

H. T. WATTS GAS BURNER' Filed July 2s, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet l 31a/vento@ ffm y June 26, 1923.

H. T. WATTS GAS BURNER Filed July 25 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 26, 1923. 1,460,086

H. T. WATTS GAS BURNER Filed July 23. 1920 I5l Shets-Sheet 3 HIIIHIHIIIHIHIIIIHI" Ililww IHN Patented lune Z6, i923.

HENRY T. WATTS, `OIE' YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO.

1 ensk nennen.

`.lippiication sieauuiy 23, ieee.` serial no. 398,399.

To @ZZ/whom it may] concern."

Be it known that l, HENRY T. `WA'irrs, ka citizen of the United States, residing at Youngstown, in the county of Mahoning 5 and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement inH Gas Burners,of which the following kis a full, clear, `and exact description.

The present invention relates to gas burn ers and more particularly to gas burners for heating purposes such, for example, as burners forfurnaces. n l .l

lOne object of the invention is to sordirect the streams vof gas and air that a thorough mixture may take place. The invention also relates toy certain other combinations and arrangements of the parts, the advantages of which will be apparent 'to those skilled in the art from the following description, and which are more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In thel drawings, in which is illustrated one 'embodiment of my invention,-

FigureV 1l is aplan view of the, burner l'andgas supplying pipe. f

` Figure 2 is a side elevation of the burner showing its relation to the furnace. f

Figure 8 is a detail view showing one of the side plates.

Figure a is a detail viewshowing one end portion of themixing chamber removed.

Figure 5 is a side elevationy partly in section, of the burner, and f Figure 6 is a ydetail view showingone of the `orifice plates removed.`

Referring to the illustrated embodiment of the invention, reference numeral 2 indi;

cates the furnacefwhich` is gas-tired. The flame 'is discharged vinto the combustion chamber 3 through the dooror opening 4.

The gas burner, indicated generally by reference numeral`5, is bolted on and supported by a gas supply pipe 6 which extends along in front of the furnace. The burner 5 is a laterally long burner, as shown in Figure 1, so`that it discharges a thin wide flame into the combustion chamber of the furnace. erally long gasconduit or boxp, whichis horse-shoe shaped in lcross-section, as shown inFiguresQ and 5; The gas from the supply pipe 6 divides into the two branches of'this horseshoe shaped box andissues .from twQ .Convergingly directed nozzlesat The burner comprises a latthe ends of these branches, so vthat thetwo `streams of `gas impinge on each other. As `'shown 1n the drawings. the two streams of` gas impinge at an angle of about sixty degrees to each other. The nozzles are formed bythln orifice plates S, one of which is shown indetail in Figure 6. Each orice` plate has a laterally long narrow nozzle ,t

is .discharged into a short mixing chamber 10 which is a laterally. long rectangular box open front'andback. 1.0 is supported yby beingbolted to the side plates 11, one of which is shown in Figure, 16. The side plates 11 are supported-by be-` U ing bolted to the sides of the gas box 7.`

The mixing chamber 10 is spaced fromthe ends of the branches of the gas `box 7 to leave air intakes, indicated at 12, 13, 14

The mixing chamber andfl. The air intakes 1Q and 15 are at two converging gas streams. These air intakes are controlled by dampers 16by means `0f which the proportions of the air and fthe outside ,(upper and lower sides) ofthe 3 gas may be varied. 4 Theair intakes 13 and lei lie between the converging streams of gas. The air is supplied to the intakes 13 and 14 through the open space or passage 17 f through the inside ofthe horseshoe shaped `box". Thispermits the air` to besupplied to the inside as well as the outside of the converging gas streams `and also serves to keep the gas box 7 cooler.` A pipe 18 is lo-` f cated between the two streams issuing from the gas nozzles 9.l `This pipe serves as a de- `Hector to cause theair from the space or passage 17150` divide into two streams, going through the intakes 13 and 111 respectively, i

and impinging onthe streams of gas from their inner sides. The pipe`18 has a ninnber of perforations 19 on the side toward the mixing chamber 10. Steam or air under high pressuremay be supplied to the pipe y 18 to increase the velocity of flow through the mixing chamber. When blast furnace gasis used, thepressure varies considerably, and there are certain timesinthe cycle vof blast furnace operationthat the pressure on the gas is very lowso that the vvelocity through the mixing chamber might be lese than that of the llame propagation. Under such circumstances, steam or air may be' blown through the 4orices 19 in the pipe 18 to increase the velocity of How through the mixing chamber 10.

The parts are so arranged that the air and gas mixture flows througll the mixing chamber 10 at a velocity above the so-called critical velocity. Below the critical velocity the air and gas travel in lanes and do not readily mix. Above the critical velocity eddy currents i are set up which cause a thorough mixture of the air and gas, The mixing chamber 10 is short so as to oier a minimum ef resistance to the mixture flowing through `it.; and the gas nozzles and air intakes are arranged to vcause a thorough mixture.V The i Vflow of Ygas Vthrough a thin platev orifice tends to cause eddy currents which assist -mixing the air and gas. `It will -be noted .that the nozzles are convergingly directed so that the` two streams of gas impinge on each otherin the mixing chamber atan angle of about sixty degrees. This assists in causing' a turbulent -flow and thorough mixture. AThe air inlets are so arranged that the air is'admitted at each side of each of the gas streams land flows inwardly so as to impingeagainst the, gas streams in a manner `permitting -an easyjandthorough mixing of the air with 'the gas.A JA thoroughly mixed stream of air and` gas is discharged from the `mixing chamber 10 at a velocity above that of lame propagation' so thatA the flame does not Hash baclr` into lthe mixing chamber.l As `above `pointed out, ,if thev4 gas pressure falls, the

velocity may bermaintained `above that Yof the ,flame propagation vby `admitting ,some

1 gaseous fluid, such .as nsteam or air, through `the orifices 19 of pipe18.-v`

i The parts are so arranged that the proper amount of airfor Icomplete combustion is drawn through .the air intakes for kdiiierent 1`pressuresof` gas over *the normal 4pressure changes, which occur on thegas supplies of "industrial plants, ksuch, j or example as steel plamsl suppliedvwith blast furnace or coke oven gas. The gas and air flow maybe adjusted. for dii'erent qualities of gas' by inserting diiferent orifice plates 8k and by adjusting the air dampers 16. y

While I have specifically illustrated and described the preferred embodiment `of my invention, it is to be understood thatz the if desired to assist the How of gas, anda mixing chamber into which. thel gas together with airis discharged, substantially as described. f i l 2. A gas burner having a mixing chamber, and means for forming a plurality of separate mixed air-gas streams and directing said mixed streams at an acute angle to each other into said mixing chamber for further mixing, substantially as described.

' 3, A gas burner having a mixing chamber, and means for forming-a plurality of separate mixed air-gas streams and directing said mixedstreams into said mixingchamber for further mixing, saidy means and chamber `beiiig kso proportioned and.- arranged that they air-gas streams .are-discharged into said chamber at a velocityabove the critical velocity whereby a yturbulent eddy flow.y is

maintained in the mixing chamber, substantially as described. Y

4C. A' gasburner, `comprising a, plurality il l ofl air and gas mixers, each comprising a gas nozzle and an airinlet at each side thereof vwhereby the- .gas is mixed withalr v1mpinging on eaohsideof the gas stream, said f mixers being arrangedto, fermA a plurality of converging mixed iairsgas streams, and a mixingch'amber into which the air-gas streainsjare directed so as to impingeI ongeach other at yan angle to form a turbulentmixing stream, substantially as described. f

5. A4 gasburner, comprising a .plurality of air and gas mixers, each` comprising -a gas ,nozzle andan airinl'et' at eachwside thereof whereby the gas is kmixed with air impinging on each sideY of the; gas streams, said mixeres beingarranged to form a plurality of converging mixed air-gas streams, and a mixing chamberv into ,which the airgas streams are discharged 'at ay velocity above` the critical velocity Wherebya turbulent eddy flow is maintained inthe Amixing chamber, substantially as described.y `6. A gas burner, jcomprising two,` air and gas mixers, each comprising a laterally, long gas nozzle and `a laterally long, narrowaair inlet, A said mixers, being. arranged, `to rform two separate converging sheet-like ain-gas streams, and a laterally, long mixing y chamber intowhich thel air-'gas streams aredii rected sopas to impinge on each otherat an angle to form a, turbulent mixing stream, substantially as described.

7. A gas burner, comprising.twoair.and

gas mixers, eachl comprising a laterally long narrow, gas nozzle and air inlets along each side thereoiwhereby the 'gas is mixed twoimpingingl air streams, said mixers vlbeing arranged to form two converging mixed desmiflzleflfA y air-gas streams, and a mixing chamber into 8. A gas burner comprising two air and gas mixers, each comprising a laterally long gas conduit having a slotted plate at the end thereof which suddenly reduces the area of the gas path so that the velocity of the gas is suddeny increased, and an air inlet at the side of the nozzle slot, said mixers being arranged to form two converging mixed airstreams, and a mixing chamber into which the two air-gas streams are directed so as to impinge on each' other at an angle to form a turbulent mixing stream, substantially as described.

9. A gas bitrner, comprising an air and gas mixer having a gas conduit closed by a slotted plate which suddenly decreases the area of the gas path so that the velocity is suddenly increased, and an` air inlet at the side oi the nozzle slot for mixing air with the gas, substantially as described.

lO. A gas burner, comprisingl a generally horse shoe shaped gas conduit having laterally long gas passagesin its open ends, and

providing an air passage between the two` branches of the gas conduit, and inlet openings for admitting air `from said air passage to the inner sides of the gas streams and for' also admitting air to theouter sides of the gas streams, whereby independently mixed converging streams ot air and gas are formed and caused to impinge uponeach other, substantially as described.

l1. A gas burner, comprising a gas conduit having two branches provided with laterally long narrow convergingly-directed gas nozzles, means for admitting air between the branches of the gas conduit to supply` air to the inner sides of the gas streams, and means for also supplying 'air to the outer sides of the gas streams, whereby converging streams of mixedair and gas are for further y gas is suddenly increased at the nozzle slot,

so as to cause an eddy flow of gas from the nozzle slots,`means fory supplying air at the side of each gas stream so as to form two sheet-like convergingly-directed mixed air gas streams, and a mixing chamber into which the air as to impinge onveach other' at an angle for further mixing, substantially as described. 13. The method of mixing air and gas, which consistsin separately mixing a plurality of air and gas streams at an acute angle tov each other, and impinging Vsaid mixed streams in a mixing chamber to furthermix said air and gas. 14. The method of mixing air and gas, which consists in separately mixing a plurality of airand gas streams, and bringing said mixed streams together at an acute anglel to eachother in a mixing chamber at a velocity above the critical velocity to further mix the gases;

15. The method of mixing air and gas,

, which consists in forcing a plurality ofgas streams through long narrow openings, ad* mitting air from each side of each of said gas streams 'adjacent said openings, and bringing said streams of mixed air and gas togetheriat a sharp angle to each other to intermingle said streams of mixed air and gas. y .Y

In testimony whereof, I havehereunto set m hand.

y HENRY r. wATfrs.

gasstreams are directed "so 

